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Click
Cumulative Results
to see an example of your
results with explanations
Hemogram,
PSA, Hemoglobin A1c,
Ferritin, C-Reactive Protein,
Vitamin D,
Blood Type,
Other
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Blood
Chemistry Panel |
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Full
32 level Chemistry Panel that screens for cholesterol,
coronary risk, plus kidney, liver, bone and muscle
functions. It also includes TSH screening that detects
hypo- and hyperthyroid conditions. These descriptions
are for reference only and should never take the place
of seeing your health care provider. These are basic
descriptions and do not include all medical scenarios.
Call your health care provider for details specific to
you and/or your medical conditions.
Requires a twelve (12) hour fast but drink
plenty of water. |
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Bone & Electrolytes |
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Chloride-Chloride is involved in
maintaining the normal amount of water and the acid-base
balance in body fluids. In general, the serum level of
chloride is closely associated with the level of sodium.
Chloride levels higher or lower than normal can be
associated with metabolic acidosis and alkalosis and
with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, kidney, and
adrenal gland.
Phosphorus- An element widely distributed
throughout the body. Approximately 85% of the body’s
phosphorus is found in bone in a complex with calcium.
Phosphorus plays an important role in bone formation,
carbohydrate metabolism (sugar formation and
degradation), and acid base balance. Blood phosphorus
levels fluctuate during the day and are affected by your
diet and some antacids. Abnormal blood phosphorus levels
are found in different types of bone disease and several
other conditions.
Calcium- A mineral necessary for many
important bodily functions, including bone formation,
muscle contraction, and blood clotting. In addition,
calcium is involved in maintaining the stability of
nerve cells. Abnormal blood calcium levels are
associated with bone diseases and a variety of other
conditions.
Sodium- Sodium is involved in maintaining
the normal amount of water and the acid-base balance in
body fluids. Within the cells of the body, sodium is
involved in nerve conduction. Serum sodium levels higher
or lower than normal can be caused by various
conditions, including diseases of the gastrointestinal
tract, kidney, and adrenal gland.
Potassium- Potassium is involved in the
functioning of nervous tissue and in heart and muscle
contraction. Serum potassium levels higher or lower than
normal can be caused by various conditions, including
diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, kidney, and
adrenal gland.
Magnesium- Helps regulate energy
production in the cells. This element is found primarily
inside the cells. A low magnesium level in the blood may
indicate severe malnutrition, severe diarrhea,
alcoholism, or excessive use of diuretics. A very low
level of magnesium in the blood can cause your muscles
to tremble. High values may indicate kidney disorder.
Any value outside the specified Reference Range should
be reported to your health care provider.
Cholesterol / HDL Ratio – Calculation
CHD
Risk, Estimated – Calculation
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Heart & Kidney Functions |
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BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)- The main waste
product produced by the liver during the breakdown of
proteins. More than 90% of the urea is excreted by the
kidneys. A variety of kidney diseases can result in an
increase in the BUN level. Elevated BUN levels are also
found in urinary tract obstruction, congestive heart
failure, gastrointestinal bleeding, and in individuals
on a high-protein diet. Low BUN values may be associated
with severe liver damage, acromegaly, and pregnancy.
Diets low in protein and high in carbohydrates may also
be responsible for low BUN levels.
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)- An enzyme
found in all tissues in the body so that a high level in
the blood can result from a number of different
diseases. Also, slightly elevated levels in the blood
are common and usually do not indicate disease. The most
common sources of LDH are the heart, liver, muscles, and
red blood cells. Any damage to cells will raise the LDH
level in the blood.
AST (SGOT)- An enzyme that is found in the
heart, liver, muscle, kidney, pancreas, spleen, lung,
and red blood cells. Diseases involving or affecting
these tissues can cause elevations in serum AST levels.
Creatinine- A waste product released from
muscle tissue and excreted by the kidneys. The
creatinine test is frequently used to assess kidney
function. Elevated levels of serum creatinine may
indicate kidney disease.
eGFR-Estimated glomerular
filtration rate or eGFR is a test that tells how
well your kidneys are filtering. Your health
care provider may also do an urine test to check
your kidneys. This test level is included
with our new 32 level Chemistry panel. A eGFR of
60 or higher ( >60) is in the normal range,
below 60 (<60) may mean kidney disease, and 15
or lower may mean kidney failure. |
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Lipids (Fats) – Heart |
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Triglycerides- Lipids (fats) that account
for 95% of the fat stored in tissue. Elevated serum
triglyceride levels are found in metabolic disorders,
liver disease, diabetes, and hypothyroidism (deficiency
of thyroid activity). When serum triglyceride and
cholesterol levels are both elevated, the probability of
coronary artery disease may be increased.
HDL- High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
cholesterol is sometimes referred to as “good”
cholesterol. High levels of HDL are thought to be
associated with a reduced risk for coronary heart
disease.
Cholesterol, Total- Studies have
established that total blood cholesterol levels may be
independently and positively correlated with risk for
coronary heart disease.
VLDL- Very low-density lipoprotein. VLDL
contain large quantities of triglyceride and 10% to 15%
of total plasma cholesterol.
LDL- Low-density lipoprotein. LDL is
sometimes referred to as “bad” cholesterol. High levels
of LDL are thought to be associated with an increased
risk for coronary heart disease. |
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Liver Functions |
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Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT)- An
enzyme that is primarily found in the liver. Drinking
too much alcohol, certain drugs, liver disease, stress,
physical exertion, some common medications and bile duct
disease can cause high levels of GGTP in the blood. High
values should be evaluated by your health care provider.
Transaminase,ALT (SGPT)- The ALT enzyme is
found mainly in the liver. Damage from alcohol,
strenuous exercise and a number of diseases can cause
high values for both AST (SGOT) and ALT (SGPT) and
should be evaluated by your health care provider. Low
values are not generally considered significant.
Direct Bilirubin- A specific form of
bilirubin that is formed in the liver and excreted in
the bile. Normally very little of this form of bilirubin
is found in the blood. However, in liver disease, this
form of bilirubin leaks into the blood so even a
slightly high level of direct bilirubin may indicate a
problem with the liver cells.
Alkaline Phosphatase- An enzyme found in
almost all body tissues, with highest levels observed in
the intestine, kidney, bone, liver, and placenta.
Measurements of serum alkaline phosphatase are thought
to be particularly useful in the evaluation of liver and
bone disease. Minor increases in the level of alkaline
phosphatase are sometimes observed during the normal
aging process.
Bilirubin, Total- An orange-yellow bile
pigment formed during the breakdown of hemoglobin.
Bilirubin is transported by a blood protein (albumin) to
the liver for excretion in the feces. Elevated levels of
serum bilirubin are often associated with liver disease,
bile duct obstruction, hemolytic (red blood cell
breakdown) disease, and prolonged fasting. |
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Protein |
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Albumin- The major protein of blood.
Albumin plays an important role in maintaining the
plasma of blood in the blood vessels (osmotic pressure),
transporting substances, and in nutrition. It is made by
the liver. Consequently, decreased albumin levels may be
associated with liver disease. Albumin levels may also
indicate general health and nutritional status.
Protein, Total- The second most common
substance in blood. Serum proteins have many functions,
including the transport of other substances, immune
defense, blood clotting, and inflammation defense. Serum
protein levels are useful for evaluating nutritional
status, infection, and various other disorders.
Globulin- One of the main protein groups
found in blood. The alpha-and beta-globulins are
produced by the liver, whereas the gamma-globulins
(antibodies that play an important role in the body’s
defense against disease) are produced by some of the
white blood cells and plasma cells. The level of serum
globulin is often elevated in liver disease, collagen
diseases, and myeloma.
Albumin/Globulin (A/G) Ratio- The
calculated ratio of levels of these two serum proteins.
A low A/G is found in certain liver diseases, kidney
disease, myeloma, and inflammation, as well as other
disorders. |
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Thyroid & Other |
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Thyroid- Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Third
Generation-Measures thyroid hormone levels of the
thyroid gland. TSH causes the thyroid gland to produce
two hormones: Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
Uric Acid- A product formed mainly by the
liver during the breakdown of nucleic acids. Following
processing by the kidney, uric acid is excreted in the
urine. Elevated serum uric acid has been found to occur
in kidney failure, gout, dehydration, endocrine
disorders, and other disease states. Certain drugs can
also cause uric acid levels to be elevated. Decreased
uric acid levels may be associated
with liver disease and kidney tubule defects.
Glucose- A sugar and a primary source of
energy for bodily functions. Glucose levels are useful
in diagnosing and evaluating several conditions, most
frequently diabetes mellitus. |
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Iron |
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Iron Binding Capacity (IBC)- Iron is
transported in your blood bound to a protein called transferrin. Transferrin transports the iron in your
body from the iron storage sites to where it is needed.
It also transports the iron when not needed, back to the
storage sites. A low IBC suggests malnutrition or iron
excess. A high IBC suggests iron deficiency.
Transferrin Percent Saturation- This
calculation is obtained by comparing the iron level to
the IBC level. It is a simple way to compare the amount
of iron in the blood to the capacity of the blood to
transport. If the level is greater than 40-50% in women
and over 60% in men, a Ferritin level result is
recommended.
Iron- Iron is essential to the formation
and function of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen from
the lungs to the tissues. Iron levels may be measured to
help in diagnosing a number of conditions, including
anemia.
Unbound IBC – Calculation |
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Hemogram |
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White Blood Count-An increased number
of white blood cells is called leukocytosis and
may occur with infections, appendicitis,
pregnancy, leukemia, hemorrhage and hemolysis.
Strenuous exercise, emotional distress and
anxiety can also cause leukocytosis.A decreased
number of white blood cells is called leucopenia
and may occur in certain viral diseases such as
mumps, lupus erythematosus and cirrhosis of the
liver. In addition, radiation therapy and
certain types of drug therapy tend to lower the
white blood count. |
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Red Blood Count-Red blood cells
are the most common type of cell in the blood
and are produced by the bone marrow continuously
in healthy adults. The cells contain hemoglobin,
which carries oxygen and carbon dioxide
throughout the body. The RBC determines if the
number of red blood cells in your body is low
(anemia) or high (polycythemia). |
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Hemoglobin-Red blood cells contain
hemoglobin, the molecules that carry oxygen and
carbon dioxide in the blood. People with a low
hemoglobin level have anemia and usually have
low red blood cell count and a low hematocrit. |
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Hematocrit-To determine the ratio
of plasma (clear liquid part of blood) to red
cells in the blood to give a level of how much
of your blood is made of red cells. Hematocrit
measurement is useful in identifying anemia, the
presence of liver disease, and red cell
production within the circulatory system.
(Hematocrit increases with altitude training or
dehydration.) |
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Mean Corpuscual Volume (MCV)-The
Mean Cell Volume measures the average size of
red blood cells. |
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Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)-Reflects
the average weight of hemoglobin found in the
red blood cell. |
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Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCHC)-Reflects
the average amount of hemoglobin in the red
blood cell. |
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Platelets-Platelets are the
smallest type of cell found in the blood.
Platelets help stop bleeding after an injury by
gathering around the injury site, plugging the
hole in the bleeding vessel and helping the
blood to clot more quickly. |
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Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)-Reflects
the distribution of the size of the red blood
cell. |
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Prostate
(PSA) |
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Prostatic Specific Antigen (PSA)-This
screening measures a protein that is only
produced by the male prostate gland. High levels
may indicate prostate cancer or noncancerous
prostatic disease. |
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Diabetic
(A1c) |
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Hemoglobin A1C-A1c test reflects your
glucose (or blood sugar) control over the past 3
months. Testing your A1c level every 3 months is
the best way for you and your doctor to
understand how well your glucose levels are
controlled. |
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Ferritin |
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Ferritin-Ferritin is a protein in the
body that binds to iron. Most of the iron stored
in the body is attached to ferritin. Ferritin is
found in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. The
amount of ferritin in the blood may help
indicate the amount of iron stored in your body.
Levels can be utilized in diagnosis and
monitoring of iron overload disorders including
sideroblastic anemia and hemochromatosis. |
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C-Reactive Protein-(CRP) |
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C-Reactive Protein-(CRP) is an
inflammatory marker – a substance that the body
releases in response to inflammation. CRP levels
can provide physicians with information about a
patient’s risk of heart disease. No caffeine
twelve (12) hours prior to test. |
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Vitamin D, 25-Hydroxy (Total Vitamin D) |
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VitaminD, 25-Hydroxy (Total Vitamin D)-Low
blood levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D may mean
not enough exposure to sunlight or not enough
dietary vitamin D to meet the body’s demand, or
the absorption from the intestines may be an
issue. High levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D
usually reflect excess supplementation. |
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Blood Type |
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Determination of ABO blood group and Rh
type. Group and typing of expectant
mothers and
newborns may indicate potential for ABO
hemolytic disease of the newborn. Rho(D) typing
is used to determine Rh immune globulin
candidacy for prenatal and postpartum patients. |
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ColoKit |
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ColoKit-Take home test to screen for
risk of colon cancer. |
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Books |
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Calorie King $8
Embody Health Guide book $22
Spanish Embody Health Guide $30. |
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